Various devices that have been used for computations in the past. Analog computer analog computer measures and answer the questions by the method of how much. Computers classification computers can be generally classified by size and power as follows, though there is considerable overlap. The term microcomputer has practically become an anachronism. Computers can be broadly classified by their speed and computing power. Electronic organizers and palmtop computers and embedded computers d. There are a lot of terms used to describe computers. Computer pdf is here to help you learn programs, enhance your knowledge in computer security, databases, office, automation, analytics and it in general. The traditional, glassscreen, televisionsetlike monitor.
Large electronic hybrid computer systems with many hundreds of operational amplifiers were widely used from the early 1960s to the mid1980s. Microprocessor types and specifications page 3 of 158 file. Since capacitors leak there is a need to refresh the contents of memory. Mini computers this setup mini computers allowed more people to have access to computers. The digital component normally serves as the controller and provides logical and numerical operations, while the analog component often serves as a solver of differential equations and other mathematically complex equations. These computer systems have exactly the same features as the desktop computers. Introduction to computing e xplorations in language, logic, and machines david evans university of virginia. There are a number of tasks for you to carry out, be sure to read the information fully whilst completing the tasks. Pdas are typically smaller than a paperback novel, very lightweight with a reasonable battery life. Handheld computers 10 types of computers howstuffworks. Microcomputer supercomputer the most powerful computers in terms of performance and data processing are the supercomputers. They are much slimmer and lighter compared to desktops with their mother.
Types of computers mini and mainframe computers very powerful, used by large organisations such an banks to control the entire business operation. Adobe pdf files short for portable document format files are one of the most commonly used file types today. The five generations of computers the history of computer development is often referred to in reference to the different generations of computing devices. Simply by using a general purpose computer and different software, various tasks can be accomplished, including writing and editing word processing, manipulating facts in a.
Computer can be classified it to following basis defined below on the basis of functionality. They solved extremely complex and extensive sets of differential equations mathematical models such as sixdegreeof freedom space flights, exothermal chemical reaction kinetics, control systems for food processing plants, and the. Downloading free computer courses and tutorials in pdf. Portable computers include notebook andsubnotebook computers, handheld computers, palmtops, and pdas. Architecture and components of computer system random access memories ife course in computer architecture slide 4 dynamic random access memories dram each onebit memory cell uses a capacitor for data storage. All student who preparation competitive examination will help you for upcoming exams like railway,cat, ssc,mppsc and other state level exam. They consume little power as compared to laptops and their spare parts are the most readily available. People think there are only two types of computers, pcs personal computers and laptops. Personal computers pcs, laptops and minicomputers b. Each generation of computer is characterized by a major technological development that fundamentally changed the way computers operate, resulting in increasingly smaller.
These computers usually didnt have keyboards but relied on touchscreen technology for. This topic is very good for all types of competition examinations. While the term computer can apply to almost any device that has a microprocessor in it, most people think of a computer as a device that. Microcomputers personal computers microcomputers became the most common type of computer in the late 20th century. Types of computers supercomputers mainframe computers minicomputers also known as midrange computers microcomputers analog computer. Also, distributed computer systems can be developed, where several complete computer.
These types of computer systems are discussed in detail in section 3. Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer. Computer network topologies and their types pdf download. A supercomputer is considered to be the fastest type of computer available. This computer network topologies and their types pdf. Debuting in the 1990s, personal digital assistants pdas were tightly integrated computers that often used flash memory instead of a hard drive for storage. These types are grouped together into two major computer classes, comprising sequential or conventional computers, and parallel computers, respectively. There are numerous types of microcomputers, including laptops, desktop computers, and smartphones. General purpose computers are designed to perform a range of tasks. They have the ability to store numerous programs, but lack in. According to purpose, computers are either general purpose or specific purpose. They are classified according to purpose, data handling and functionality. The term microcomputer was introduced with the advent of systems based on single chip microprocessors. Chapter2 listofcomputersizecategories thislist of computer size categories attemptstolist commonlyusedcategoriesofcomputerbysize,indescendingorderofsize.
An analog computer spelt analogue in british english is a form of computer that uses continuous physical phenomena such as. If youve ever downloaded a printable form or document from the web, such as an irs tax form, theres a good chance it was a pdf file. A small, singleuser computer based on a microprocessor. Any kind of computers consists of hardware and software. Mainframe computers are used to run commercial applications and other. A microcomputer is a computer that has a microprocessor chip or multiple microprocessors as its cpu. Then come the portable computers that are computers small enough to carry. Basically considered small enough to fit easily on a desk, microcomputers were the first type of computer to be. Hybrid computers are computers that exhibit features of analog computers and digital computers. There are a lot of terms used to describe different types computers. The difference comes in size where these types of computer systems are smaller as compared to the desktop computers. Learn more details about computer platforms and the different types by completing the helpful worksheet. Hybrid computer classification of computers computers are also available in difference size and with different capacity.
Depending upon the requirements, computers are being developed. Laptopsthough they are similar in operation as the desktops, they are capable of being optimized and miniaturized for mobile functioning. Feel free to download our it tutorials and guide documents and learn the joy of free learning. All the computers that are developed are not alike rather they have different designs and features.
Computers have some characteristics in common, including the ability to execute programs, respond quickly and efficiently to certain sets of instructions and store and retrieve relatively large amounts of data. The class of sequential or conventional computer systems comprises. These types are grouped together into two major computer classes, comprising sequential or. Computers differ based on their data processing abilities. Major milestones in development of modern day computers development of internet, browser and other internet based applications, games and linux. The one thing all microcomputers have in common is that the central processing unit cpu is contained within a single processing chip. A computer is a machine that can be programmed to manipulate symbols.
These computers are the cheapest among the other three types of computers. There are two types of computers according to their purpose. A slightly larger and heavier version of the pda is the handheld. Desktopsthese are the most common types of computers. Some computers have very high capacity as well as working speed. Each of these types can be subdivided into subtypes. May be connected to large mainframe computers within big companies.
Architecture and components of computer system memory. Supercomputers are used to study the origin of the universe, the darkmatters. Now, computers use wifi and broadband connections to blaze their way through multimedia content from live streaming news to movies to multiplayer games and much more. Definition a computer is a machine that can be programmed to manipulate symbols. Different kinds of computers depending on the size and capacity, computers are classified into three types. Hello friends computer network topologies and their types pdf download for all of you. There exist several types of general purpose computer systems. Type specifications 1 pc personalcomputer it is a single user computer system having moderately powerful microprocessor 2 workstation it is also a single user computer system which is similar to personal computer but have more powerful microprocessor. Tower model the term refers to a computer in which the power supply, motherboard, and mass storage devices are stacked. Guymon pleasant grove high school spring 2003 laptop. The five generations of computers information technology. Computers come in a variety of types designed for different purposes, with different capabilities and costs. These types of computer systems have varying performance ability and shapes.
Types of computers computers is a broad term that covers a wide range of electronic devices, as the types of computers running today span from desktop and laptop computers like pcs and macintoshes, to servers, workstations, supercomputers and more. Machine cycles are measured in nanoseconds picoseconds a. Calculators are computers that carry out computers most basic tasks calculations. Computers of all kinds can quickly, reliably and accurately perform difficult and repetitive tasks. Often used as standalone computers or in a network. This new class of computers comprises multiprocessors, multicomputers, and vector supercomputers. Basic calculators, graphic calculators, scientific calculators, programmable calculators, and calculators used for accounting and other financial purposes. In addition to the microprocessor, a personal computer has. Mainframe computers minicomputers microcomputers or personal computers.
Handheld computers like smartphones and pdas are one of our eras iconic devices source. Evolution hosts vps hosting helps us share these pdfs with you. Classification of computers type of computer computer notes. The speed at which the cpu processes data to convert is measured in what. While the term computer can apply to virtually any device that has a microprocessor in it, most people think of a computer as a device that receives input from the user through a mouse or keyboard, processes it in. Types of computers and their parts page 2 of 6 source. Most computers in use today are generalpurpose computers those built for a great variety of processing jobs. In this lecture, different types of computers have been identified and you have been able to describe the mainframe com puters, minicomputers, sup ercomputers and cloud computers. On the basis of functionality according to functionality computer can be divided in to three types. The microcomputers are specially designed for general usage like entertainment, education and work purposes. The bestknown early system was the altair 8800, introduced in 1975.